Exploring the Smith & Wesson Model 320

When discussing firearm history, the Smith & Wesson Model 320 occupies a unique place. It wasn’t just another revolver. The Model 320 was actually a revolving rifle, one of the rare designs from Smith & Wesson. This intriguing piece of history was manufactured between 1879 and 1887. During that period, fewer than 1,000 units were produced. Understanding the Model 320 involves appreciating both its design and its historical context.

The Concept Behind the Model 320

Smith & Wesson weren’t strangers to innovation. The Model 320 came about during a time when firearm manufacturers experimented with different designs. The idea was to combine the portability of a handgun with the range and accuracy of a rifle. By adding a detachable shoulder stock, they hoped to meet both these needs. The challenge was balancing these features without compromising performance.

Design and Features

The Model 320 was based on Smith & Wesson’s popular No. 3 revolver frame. It introduced a longer barrel and an extended frame to accommodate the revolving cylinder. The barrels were available at different lengths, with the most common being 18 inches. Each Model 320 was chambered in the .32-44 caliber. This unique ammunition was almost exclusive to Smith & Wesson, tailored for specific target shooting requirements.

One key design feature was the shoulder stock. This attachment transformed the handgun into a functional rifle. The stock could be easily detached, allowing for transport in a specially designed case. This transformability was central to the rifle’s appeal. Yet, it also required careful engineering to ensure the revolver’s mechanism operated smoothly regardless of configuration.

Performance and Use

The Model 320 was intended for sportsmen and target shooters. Its design provided the stability and aim of a rifle while maintaining the ease of use of a revolver. The barrel’s different lengths allowed for varying preferences in performance, with longer barrels offering better accuracy. However, its market reception was mixed. The gun’s caliber limited its power compared to other rifles. Enthusiasts valued the novelty but had practical reservations. Its combination of mechanics meant it appealed mostly to collectors and niche shooters.

Historical Context

During the late 19th century, firearms were undergoing significant evolution. The transition from muzzleloaders to breech-loading weapons redefined the landscape. Smith & Wesson thrived in this innovative climate. They were known for their revolvers, and their designs added versatility to weapons technology. The Model 320 fit into this spirit of experimentation. It was a product of its time, eagerly trying to bridge different shooting experiences.

Collector’s Appeal

Today, the Model 320 is sought after by collectors. Its production numbers make it rare. The interplay between revolver and rifle marks it as a unique mechanical solution. Collectors often highlight its elegant combination of form and function. Original units, especially those with the case and accessories, command high prices on the market. Their condition, provenance, and completeness significantly influence their value.

A Closer Look at the Ammunition

The .32-44 S&W cartridge is another segment of the Model 320’s story. This cartridge was rare and designed specifically for precision. It was seen as innovative, tasked with balancing precision shooting with moderate power. Unavailability of these cartridges today means that original arms are mostly displayed rather than fired. Finding functional original ammunition is almost as rare as the firearm itself.

Legacy

While the Model 320 was not a commercial success, its place in history is secure. It’s a testament to Smith & Wesson’s commitment to innovation. As a collector’s item, its rarity and design quirks continue to fascinate firearm enthusiasts. It represents the adventurous spirit of its era, where designers sought new ways to solve old problems. Even as modern firearms overshadow these historic models, the fascination endures.

Stories from Owners

While not many pieces exist today, those that do are often accompanied by stories. Owners pride themselves on possession of such a rare artifact. Stories sometimes include provenance, details where the piece was bought, or histories involving previous owners. Each Model 320 seems to come with its own narrative, adding layers to its intrigue.

Preservation and Display

• Proper preservation requires careful storage.
• Temperature and humidity control preserve its condition.
• Securing provenance records increases historical value.

Many are proudly displayed in collections, museums, or as part of exhibitions. The roughly finished wooden grips and bronze structure often catch attention. The look and feel draw interest beyond the gun community, showcasing 19th-century industrial design and mechanics.

Conclusion

The Smith & Wesson Model 320 tells a tale of industrial creativity. It remains a fascinating exploration into a niche market. For enthusiasts, both its rarity and its backstory offer endless interest. Tracing the arc from production to present day, it exemplifies a significant chapter in firearms history. Understanding its place offers insights into both the period it was born and the company that dared to invent it.

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